Guide

How to Measure for Tile

Measure for tile by area and tile size, set a waste factor, account for thinset and grout, with a worked example and a tiles-per-100-sq-ft table.

A tile job needs three things sized correctly: the tiles themselves, the thinset that holds them, and the grout that fills the joints. Most people size the tiles and forget the other two, then make an extra trip to the store mid job. This guide covers all three.

Sizing the tiles

Work out the area to cover, then divide by the area of one tile. Add 10 percent for cuts and breakage on a straight layout, or 15 percent for diagonal and patterned layouts. A 12 by 12 inch tile covers exactly one square foot, which makes the maths easy.

tiles = (area × waste factor) ÷ area of one tile

Tiles per 100 square feet

Tile sizeCovers eachTiles per 100 sq ft (+10%)
12 x 12 in1.00 sq ft110
6 x 6 in0.25 sq ft440
18 x 18 in2.25 sq ft49
12 x 24 in2.00 sq ft55

Worked example

A 100 square foot floor with 12 by 12 tiles, straight layout: each tile covers one square foot, so 100 square feet with 10 percent waste is 110 tiles. With 6 by 6 tiles, each covers a quarter of a square foot, so you would need four times as many, about 440. Smaller tiles mean more cuts and more grout too.

Thinset

Thinset coverage depends on the trowel notch and the tile size. Larger tiles need a deeper notch and use more. The bag states coverage for each notch size, so match your trowel to your tile and read the bag rather than guessing. A large format tile can use two to three times the thinset of a small one per square foot.

Grout

Grout depends on the tile size and the joint width. Smaller tiles and wider joints use more grout per square foot, because there is more total joint length. A mosaic uses far more grout than a large format tile. Grout bags carry coverage charts by tile size and joint width, so use those for your specific combination.

Keep spares

Set aside a few tiles after the job. Matching a discontinued tile or a different production run later is rarely possible, and a cracked tile is far easier to replace with a stored spare from the same batch than with a hunt through clearance bins.

Count your tiles. Tile Calculator →

Common questions

How many 12 by 12 tiles for 100 square feet?

With 10 percent waste, 110 tiles, since each 12 by 12 tile covers exactly one square foot.

How much extra tile should I buy?

Ten percent for a straight layout, and 15 percent for diagonal or patterned, plus a few spares.

How do I know how much thinset I need?

Match the trowel notch to your tile size and read the coverage on the bag. Larger tiles need a deeper notch and use more.

Does grout amount depend on tile size?

Yes. Smaller tiles and wider joints use more grout per square foot because there is more total joint length.

How many 6 by 6 tiles for 100 square feet?

About 440 with 10 percent waste, since each covers a quarter of a square foot.
Knowledge Base

Estimating Guides & Reference

Plain-language guides on measuring, coverage and how much extra to buy, written for DIYers and trades.

Measuring & Estimating
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